Ecotoxicology
Ecotoxicology deals with the prediction of toxic effects of chemicals on the aquatic and terrestrial environment. As a scientific discipline it studies impacts of pollutants on individual organisms and on species of wildlife populations, food webs and on the structure and function of ecosystems. It combines the approaches and methods of ecology and toxicology in studying the effects of toxic substances and pollutants on the environment compartments. Through conduct of certified and validated test methods (OECD, US EPA, REACH), called also as acute, semi-chronic or reproductive/chronic studies, the impact and undesirable events can be measured and ... Read more...
Aquatic Studies
Aquatic studies are performed on water plant and animal organisms mainly like algae, daphnia and fish to foresee the impact on the water ecosystems. The other typical organisms are midges for determination of impacts to sediments and duckweed as a higher aquatic plant. The studies are performed in controlled laboratory conditions and depending on the test method and stability of the test item the aquatic studies are performed in static, semi-static or as flow through regime. The studies cover acute, semi-chronic and chronic/reproductive effects of test items mainly on crustacean and fish, including the high sensitive studies for determination of impact of test items on Early Development Life-Stages in fish (embryo, larva).
| Guideline | Description |
| OECD 201 | Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test |
| OECD 202 | Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test |
| OECD 203 | Fish, Acute Toxicity Test (Danio rerio, Onchorhynchus mykiss) |
| OECD 209 | Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test |
| OECD 210 | Fish, Early-life Stage Toxicity Test (Danio rerio) |
| OECD 211 | Daphnia magna Reproduction Test |
| OECD 212 | Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-fry Stages (Danio rerio) |
| OECD 215 | Fish, Juvenile Growth Test (Danio rerio) |
| OECD 218 | Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment |
| OECD 219 | Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Water |
| OECD 225 | Sediment-Water Lumbriculus Toxicity Test Using Spiked Sediment |
| OECD 233 | Sediment-Water Chironomid Life-Cycle Toxicity Test Using Spiked Water or Spiked Sediment |
| OECD 235 | Chironomus sp., Acute Immobilisation Test |
| OECD 236 | Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) Test (Danio rerio) |
| OECD DRP | (2008) Fish Life-Cycle Test (Danio rerio) |
Terrestrial Studies
The aim of the terrestrial toxicity studies is to find and assess potential toxic effects of the test items on plant and animal soil organisms and soil microorganisms. The typical species are earthworms, springtails, higher crop and non-crop plants and soil microorganisms. The studies are conducted in controlled laboratory conditions, as acute or reproduction toxicity studies.
| Guideline | Description |
| OECD 207 | Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests (Eisenia andrei) |
| OECD 208 | Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test |
| OECD 216 | Soil Microorganisms: Nitrogen Transformation Test |
| OECD 217 | Soil Microorganisms: Carbon Transformation Test |
| OECD 222 | Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia andrei) |
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